Dating back to 3500-2500 BC, the Megalithic Temples of Malta are some of the oldest structures in the world. As the name suggests, they are a group of stone temples older than Stonehenge and the Egyptian pyramids. Excellently preserved, they were rediscovered and restored in the 19th century by European and native Maltese archaeologists. While not much is known about who built them, evidence from inside the temples – livestock sacrifices – suggest that local farmers constructed the stony structures. There are several temples scattered around, many of which appear on the UNESCO World Heritage List. However, the most important one of them all is the two-temple complex at Ggantija.

The Knap of Howar is located on the Scottish island of Papa Westray and is home to a Neolithic farmstead dating back to 3500-3100 BC. Made up of two adjacent rounded rectangular thick-walled buildings with very low doorways facing, the farmstead is believed to be the oldest preserved stone house in northern Europe.